Even without legal ownership, people may experience objects, places, and ideas as belonging to them (‘mine’). Research has shown that such experiences of ownership are very important for individuals’ self-esteem, but can also lead to interpersonal conflicts. However, ownership can also be experienced on a group level. People often see themselves as group members, and what they think they own as a group (‘ours’) becomes important to them. Very little is known about such group-based ownership beliefs, and yet they might be especially relevant with regard to territories and in the context of ethnic relations. Based on the findings from the studies that we have conducted in Western Europe (Netherlands, UK), settler societies (Australia, New Zealand) and conflict societies (Kosovo, Israel/Palestine), I will argue that a focus on territorial ownership beliefs can offer a fruitful new angle for understanding intergroup relations.